Description: Panelists discuss recent actions and proposals in regard to U. S. Social Security and the Canadian Pension Plan CPP, including, -considerations in 'privatizing' social security programs, -the introduction of the new Canadian 'Seniors' Benefits', -a framework for analyzing Social Security options, and -the impact of changes in Social Security on early and normal retirement ages. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 23, No. 3.

Description: Panelists at this session of the SOA Maui II Spring Meeting discuss how well the U.S. and Candian social security systems have met the criteria for an equitable system. An Australian actuary discusses his paper 'The Development of Some Criteria for Equity and National Retirement Income Systems.'

Description: In session 122 IF of the Washington Annual Meeting panelists discuss the results of research that addresses the issue of whether Social Security is a regressive system with respect to both the Canadian and U.S. Social Security programs. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 23, No. 3.

Description: This paper reviews and compares the Canadian and U.S. Social Security systems as to their adequacy, actuarial equity and progressiveness. It concludes that the Canadian system[s] provide larger minimum benefits and, thus, greater adequacy than the U. S. On the other hand, the analysis indicates more emphasis on actuarial equity in the U.S. system [in total] than in Canada. Finally, both systems are shown to be highly progressive in that lower-wage earners get larger benefits per dollar of contribution than do higher wage earners. The paper concludes by noting that while the systems in these two countries have remarkably different actuarial formulae for determining benefits, and remarkably different structures, that the benefits that result from the two systems are surprisingly similar. From Actuarial Research Clearing House 1999, Vol. 1.

Description: This session from the 1995 SOA Vancouver Meeting addresses the critical issues of the financing for the Social Security systems in the U.S. and Canada. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Volume 21, No. 3b.

Description: Summary of 2000 IRC, PBGC, Federal Income Tax, Social Security, and Medicare Amounts by Heidi R. Dexter from Pension Section News, June 2000, Issue No. 43.

Description: This paper is the final report in a project commissioned by the Society of Actuaries Social Security Committee. The paper considers a variety of possible risk classification factors that could be used in estimating the value of any mortality based benefit for retirees. As many countries consider mandatory individual retirement accounts as their answer to a secure Social Security system, the question arises as to whether all workers can get true 'market value' annuities when they retire. It is clear today that private sector life annuities are priced assuming that the applicant is healthy-very healthy. Very little underwriting or risk classification now exists in the individual annuity marketplace. This paper reviews 45 recent research papers that look at factors that affect mortality after retirement. In particular, factors that seem to be important in predicting retirement mortality include: age, gender, race and ethnicity, education, income, occupation, marital status, religion, health behaviors, smoking, alcohol, and obesity. For each factor, this paper gives highlights relative to the named factor of the impact expected from that variable as described in the 45 reviewed research papers.

Description: Expert discussion of two previous papers: Applying Mortality Models to Japan M. Ozeki, and The Lee-Carter Model for Forecasting Mortality Revisited S.H. Li and W.S. Chan. From 2005 Living to 100 and Beyond Monograph, M-LI05-1.

Description: This session discusses two recent SOA research initiatives called FARM I and FARM II. From Record of Society of Actuaries, Vol. 30, No. 3.

Description: This paper examines the following three questions by reviewing literature that identifies and evaluates the tradeoffs among annuitization and self-managed drawdown strategies: 1. How DO Retirees Draw Down their Financial Savings? 2. How COULD Retirees Draw Down their Financial Savings? 3. How SHOULD Retirees Draw Down their Financial Savings?